Math and trigonometry functions reference

To get detailed information about a function, click its name in the first column.

Note: Version markers indicate the version of Excel a function was introduced. These functions aren't available in earlier versions. For example, a version marker of 2013 indicates that this function is available in Excel 2013 and all later versions.

Function	Description
ABS function	Returns the absolute value of a number
ACOS function	Returns the arccosine of a number
ACOSH function	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
ACOT function	Returns the arccotangent of a number
ACOTH function	Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number
AGGREGATE function	Returns the aggregate in a list or database
ARABIC function	Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number
ASIN function	Returns the arcsine of a number
ASINH function	Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN function	Returns the arctangent of a number
ATAN2 function	Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates
ATANH function	Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
BASE function	Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base)
CEILING function	Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.MATH function	Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.PRECISE function	Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
COMBIN function	Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects
COMBINA function	Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items
COS function	Returns the cosine of a number
COSH function	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COT function	Returns the cotangent of an angle
COTH function	Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number
CSC function	Returns the cosecant of an angle
CSCH function	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle
DECIMAL function	Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number
DEGREES function	Converts radians to degrees
EVEN function	Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXP function	Returns e raised to the power of a given number
FACT function	Returns the factorial of a number
FACTDOUBLE function	Returns the double factorial of a number
FLOOR function	Rounds a number down, toward zero
FLOOR.MATH function	Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
FLOOR.PRECISE function	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded down.
GCD function	Returns the greatest common divisor
INT function	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer
ISO.CEILING function	Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
LCM function	Returns the least common multiple
LN function	Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG function	Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG10 function	Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
MDETERM function	Returns the matrix determinant of an array
MINVERSE function	Returns the matrix inverse of an array
MMULT function	Returns the matrix product of two arrays
MOD function	Returns the remainder from division
MROUND function	Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple
MULTINOMIAL function	Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers
MUNIT function	Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension
ODD function	Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
PI function	Returns the value of pi
POWER function	Returns the result of a number raised to a power
PRODUCT function	Multiplies its arguments
QUOTIENT function	Returns the integer portion of a division
RADIANS function	Converts degrees to radians
RAND function	Returns a random number between 0 and 1
RANDARRAY function	Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values.
RANDBETWEEN function	Returns a random number between the numbers you specify
ROMAN function	Converts an Arabic numeral to Roman, as text
ROUND function	Rounds a number to a specified number of digits
ROUNDDOWN function	Rounds a number down, toward zero
ROUNDUP function	Rounds a number up, away from zero
SEC function	Returns the secant of an angle
SECH function	Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle
SERIESSUM function	Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula
SIGN function	Returns the sign of a number
SIN function	Returns the sine of the given angle
SINH function	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SQRT function	Returns a positive square root
SQRTPI function	Returns the square root of (number * pi)
SUBTOTAL function	Returns a subtotal in a list or database
SUM function	Adds its arguments
SUMIF function	Adds the cells specified by a given criteria
SUMIFS function	Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria
SUMPRODUCT function	Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components
SUMSQ function	Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments
SUMX2MY2 function	Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
SUMX2PY2 function	Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
SUMXMY2 function	Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays
TAN function	Returns the tangent of a number
TANH function	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TRUNC function	Truncates a number to an integer

Important: The calculated results of formulas and some Excel worksheet functions may differ slightly between a Windows PC using x86 or x86-64 architecture and a Windows RT PC using ARM architecture. Learn more about the differences.

Excel functions (by category)

Excel functions (alphabetical)